The article starts with a brief history of discovery of cancer biomarkers followed by statistical
data on published cancer biomarkers detection strategies in the last decade to demonstrate …

Cancer is one of the deadliest diseases worldwide, and there is a critical need for diagnostic
platforms for applications in early cancer detection. The diagnosis of cancer can be made by …

Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related death. In addition to chest X-rays
and computerised tomography, the detection of cancer biomarkers serves as an emerging …

Currently, environmental pollution is becoming a major threat to the ecosystem's long-term
viability, and so environmental monitoring of these contaminants has become a hot topic …

Electrochemical immunosensors have attracted immense attention due to the ease of mass
electrode production and the high compatibility of the miniature electric reader, which is …

Breast cancer (BC) is the second most common cancer among women, comprising 34% of
all cancers, affecting∼ 2.23 million women every year globally. Therefore, early diagnosis of …

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a multifunctional glycoprotein that belongs to the
immunoglobulin superfamily and plays dual regulatory roles in cancer and fetal …

The increasing pollution of ecosystems by both biological and non-biological contaminants
has recently fostered the rapid development of biosensors, thus opening a new investigation …

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in women, which is also the second most
public cancer worldwide. When detected early, BC can be treated more easily and …

Label-free electrochemical immunosensors (ELFIs) are becoming increasingly
indispensable tools in life science, medicine, chemistry, and biotechnology. They combine …