The atmosphere connects habitats across multiple spatial scales via airborne dispersal of
microbial cells, propagules and biomolecules. Atmospheric microorganisms have been …

Aerosols of biological origin play a vital role in the Earth system, particularly in the
interactions between atmosphere, biosphere, climate, and public health. Airborne bacteria …

Short‑lived climate forcers (SLCFs) affect climate and are, in most cases, also air pollutants.
They include aerosols (sulphate, nitrate, ammonium, carbonaceous aerosols, mineral dust …

In the atmosphere, microphysics refers to the microscale processes that affect cloud and
precipitation particles and is a key linkage among the various components of Earth's …

Ice particle formation in tropospheric clouds significantly changes cloud radiative and
microphysical properties. Ice nucleation in the troposphere via homogeneous freezing …

The effect of an increase in atmospheric aerosol concentrations on the distribution and
radiative properties of Earth's clouds is the most uncertain component of the overall global …

Atmospheric aerosols are complex mixtures of different chemical species, and individual
particles exist in many different shapes and morphologies. Together, these characteristics …

Predicting the formation of ice in the atmosphere presents one of the great challenges in
physical sciences with important implications for the chemistry and composition of the …

Shallow clouds covering vast areas of the world's middle-and high-latitude oceans play a
key role in dampening the global temperature rise associated with CO 2. These clouds …

Biological particles in the Earth's atmosphere are a distinctive category of ice nucleating
particles (INPs) due to their capability of facilitating ice crystal formation in clouds at …