Vascular tone of resistance arteries and arterioles determines peripheral vascular
resistance, contributing to the regulation of blood pressure and blood flow to, and within the …

In 1929 Drury and Szent-Györgyi published a seminal paper describing the potent actions of
adenine compounds. Some decades later, adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) was proposed …

Extracellular ATP, at micromolar concentrations, induces significant functional changes in a
wide variety of cells and tissues. ATP can be released from the cytosol of damaged cells or …

Although much has been elucidated in the past 170 years concerning the precise
mechanism of ciliary function in the healthy or diseased human respiratory system …

Purinergic signalling plays major roles in the physiology and pathophysiology of digestive
organs. Adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP), together with nitric oxide and vasoactive …

The respiratory mucociliary epithelium is a synchronized and highly effective waste-disposal
system. It uses mucus as a vehicle, driven by beating cilia, to transport unwanted particles …

Airway epithelial cells in culture respond to extracellular adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP)
by increasing their intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+] i). The effective concentration of …

1 Average intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+] i) and ciliary beat frequency (CBF)
were simultaneously measured in rabbit airway ciliated cells in order to elucidate the …

Extracellular nucleotides and adenosine are biologically active molecules that bind
members of the P2 and P1 receptor families, respectively. In the digestive system, these …

Key points Extracellular ATP, in association with [Ca2+] i regulation, is required to maintain
basal ciliary beat frequency. Increasing extracellular ATP levels increases ciliary beating in …