Shotcrete is often used for the construction and stabilization of tunnels and other
underground structures, where it is susceptible to different forms of physical and chemical …

Mineral scale deposits in water drainage and supply systems are a common and
challenging issue, especially by clogging the water flow. The removal of such unwanted …

The quality of raw water and the current high level of pollution presents a phenomenon of
high hardness and micropollution. An experimental study was conducted of the …

In recent years, the incidence of crystallization blockages in tunnel drainage systems has
become increasingly frequent. This not only poses a serious threat to tunnel operational …

The terrestrial hyperalkaline springs of Prony Bay (southern lagoon, New Caledonia) have
been known since the nineteenth century, but a recent high-resolution bathymetric survey of …

Calcium carbonate precipitates occur in diverse and widespread aquatic environments, both
from marine to terrestrial natural surroundings and from anthropogenic to engineered …

Two newly developed cement-reduced eco-friendly concretes with high limestone powder
content and low water/powder ratio were tested for sulfate resistance. Mortar samples with a …

To act effectively in the prevention of calcium carbonate precipitation, it is necessary to know
the contribution of each causing factor. Many thermodynamic models, including the codes of …

During repository building measures a natural river was relocated and the water was
directed through a new, artificial river bed lined with a concrete basement and local …

Rapid deposition of chemical sediments, particularly calcium carbonate, is a widespread
phenomenon in tunnel constructions, which can significantly disturb water draining. The …