Although long-term memory consolidation is supported by sleep, it is unclear how it differs
from that during wakefulness. Our review, focusing on recent advances in the field, identifies …

Long-term memory formation is a major function of sleep. Based on evidence from
neurophysiological and behavioral studies mainly in humans and rodents, we consider the …

Memory consolidation during sleep is thought to depend on the coordinated interplay
between cortical slow waves, thalamocortical sleep spindles and hippocampal ripples, but …

Learning and plasticity rely on fine-tuned regulation of neuronal circuits during offline
periods. An unresolved puzzle is how the slee** brain, in the absence of external …

The clinical and societal measurement of human sleep has increased exponentially in
recent years. However, unlike other fields of medical analysis that have become highly …

Sleep spindles are burstlike signals in the electroencephalogram (EEG) of the slee**
mammalian brain and electrical surface correlates of neuronal oscillations in thalamus. As …

Older adults do not sleep as well as younger adults. Why? What alterations in sleep quantity
and quality occur as we age, and are there functional consequences? What are the …

How do passing moments turn into lasting memories? Sheltered from external tasks and
distractions, sleep constitutes an optimal state for the brain to reprocess and consolidate …

Various cognitive functions have long been known to require the hippocampus. Recently,
progress has been made in identifying the hippocampal neural activity patterns that …

Deep non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREM) and general anesthesia with propofol are
prominent states of reduced arousal linked to the occurrence of synchronized oscillations in …