Over the past decade, in some regions of the world, honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) colonies
have experienced rates of colony loss that are difficult for beekeepers to sustain. The …

In the past centuries, viruses have benefited from globalization to spread across the globe,
infecting new host species and populations. A growing number of viruses have been …

Bees—including solitary, social, wild, and managed species—are key pollinators of
flowering plant species, including nearly three-quarters of global food crops. Their …

INTRODUCTION Infectious disease outbreaks among wildlife have surged in recent
decades alongside global climate change. However, the circumstances under which climate …

The western honey bee (Apis mellifera) is of major economic and ecological importance,
with elevated rates of colony losses in temperate regions over the last two decades thought …

Deformed wing virus (DWV) has become the most well-known, widespread, and intensively
studied insect pathogen in the world. Although DWV was previously present in honeybee …

How virulence evolves after a virus jumps to a new host species is central to disease
emergence. Our current understanding of virulence evolution is based on insights drawn …

Numerous studies have recently reported on the discovery of bee viruses in different
arthropod species and their possible transmission routes, vastly increasing our …

Honey bees, and pollinators in general, play a major role in the health of ecosystems. There
is a consensus about the steady decrease in pollinator populations, which raises global …

Invasive vectors can induce dramatic changes in disease epidemiology. While viral
emergence following geographical range expansion of a vector is well known, the influence …