Variability in the environment defines the structure and dynamics of all living systems, from
organisms to ecosystems. Species have evolved traits and strategies that allow them to …

Naturalists and scientists have been captivated by the diversity of marine larval forms since
they were discovered following the advent of the microscope. Because they often bear little …

" Dynamic Energy Budget (DEB) theory is a formal theory for the uptake and use of
substrates (food, nutrients and light) by organisms and their use for maintenance, growth …

Maternal effects have become an important field of study in evolutionary ecology and there
is an ongoing debate regarding their adaptive significance. Some maternal effects can act to …

Anticipatory parental effects (APE's) occur when parents adjust the phenotype of their
offspring to match the local environment, so as to increase the fitness of both parents and …

Summary 1 Genetic and environmental maternal effects can play an important role in the
evolutionary dynamics of a population: they may have a substantial impact on the rate and …

The many components of seasonal adaptations in insects are reviewed, especially from the
viewpoint of aspects that must be studied in order to understand the structure and purposes …

Population dynamics result from the interplay of density-independent and density-
dependent processes. Understanding this interplay is important, especially for being able to …

Maternal effects could influence the persistence of species under environmental change, but
the adaptive significance of many empirically estimated maternal effects remains unclear …

The ability of females to adaptively influence offspring phenotype via maternal effects is
widely acknowledged, but corresponding nongenetic paternal effects remain unexplored …