This article reviews the progress of atomic force microscopy in ultrahigh vacuum, starting
with its invention and covering most of the recent developments. Today, dynamic force …

In this report we review the fundamentals, applications and future tendencies of dynamic
atomic force microscopy (AFM) methods. Our focus is on understanding why the changes …

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was introduced in 1986 and has since made its way into
surface science, nanoscience, chemistry, biology, and material science as an imaging and …

The atomic force microscope (AFM) system has evolved into a useful tool for direct
measurements of micro-structural parameters and unraveling the intermolecular forces at …

Attractive and repulsive tip-sample interaction regimes of a force microscope operated with
an amplitude modulation feedback were investigated as a function of tip-sample separation …

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are gaining interest as a “green” nanomaterial with superior
mechanical and chemical properties for high-performance nanocomposite materials; …

Bitumen is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons for which microstructural knowledge is
incomplete. In an effort to detail this microstructure, 13 bitumens were analysed by phase …

Filling a gap in the literature, this book features in-depth discussions on amplitude
modulation AFM, providing an overview of the theory, instrumental considerations and …

The successful application of nanoscale materials requires an accurate description of the
shape and size of the nanomaterial. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) are a plant-derived …

We investigated the influence of the relative humidity on amplitude and phase of the
cantilever oscillation while operating an atomic force microscope (AFM) in the tap** mode …