A wide range of materials, like d-wave superconductors, graphene, and topological
insulators, share a fundamental similarity: their low-energy fermionic excitations behave as …

Topological insulators are new states of quantum matter which cannot be adiabatically
connected to conventional insulators and semiconductors. They are characterized by a full …

Topological insulators are electronic materials that have a bulk band gap like an ordinary
insulator but have protected conducting states on their edge or surface. These states are …

Certain insulators have exotic metallic states on their surfaces. These states are formed by
topological effects that also render the electrons travelling on such surfaces insensitive to …

Recent experiments and theories have suggested that strong spin–orbit coupling effects in
certain band insulators can give rise to a new phase of quantum matter, the so-called …

In addition to a bulk energy gap, topological insulators accommodate a conducting, linearly
dispersed Dirac surface state. This state is predicted to become massive if time reversal …

Helical Dirac fermions—charge carriers that behave as massless relativistic particles with an
intrinsic angular momentum (spin) locked to its translational momentum—are proposed to …

Bi 2 Se 3 is one of a handful of known topological insulators. Here we show that copper
intercalation in the van der Waals gaps between the Bi 2 Se 3 layers, yielding an electron …

We show that the strongly spin-orbit coupled materials Bi 2 Te 3 and Sb 2 Te 3 and their
derivatives belong to the Z 2 topological-insulator class. Using a combination of first …

Topological insulators in three dimensions are nonmagnetic insulators that possess metallic
surface states (SSs) as a consequence of the nontrivial topology of electronic wavefunctions …