Endosymbiosis drives evolutionary innovation and underpins the function of diverse
ecosystems. The mechanistic origins of symbioses, however, remain unclear, in part …

The ecological radiation of herbivorous beetles is among the most successful in the animal
kingdom. It coincided with the rise and diversification of flowering plants, requiring beetles to …

Beetles that feed on the nutritionally depauperate and recalcitrant tissues provided by the
leaves, stems, and roots of living plants comprise one-quarter of herbivorous insect species …

Cassidine leaf beetles are associated with genome-reduced symbiotic bacteria Stammera
involved in pectin digestion. Stammera cells appear to be harbored in paired symbiotic …

Insects typically acquire their beneficial microbes early in development. Endosymbionts
housed intracellularly are commonly integrated during oogenesis or embryogenesis …

The massive species richness of certain taxonomic groups has long enchanted evolutionary
biologists, but even within such groups there are biases in cladogenesis. A study of …