Studies have documented climate change–induced shifts in species distributions but
uncertainties associated with data and methods are typically unexplored. We reviewed 240 …

There is ample evidence for ecological responses to recent climate change. Most studies to
date have concentrated on the effects of climate change on individuals and species, with …

Poleward and upward shifts are the most frequent types of range shifts that have been
reported in response to contemporary climate change. However, the number of reports …

Spatial fingerprints of climate change on biotic communities are usually associated with
changes in the distribution of species at their latitudinal or altitudinal extremes. By …

Modern climate change is producing poleward range shifts of numerous taxa, communities
and ecosystems worldwide. The response of species to changing environments is likely to …

Given the rate of projected environmental change for the 21st century, urgent adaptation and
mitigation measures are required to slow down the on-going erosion of biodiversity. Even …

Protected areas are a cornerstone of local, regional, and global strategies for the
conservation of biodiversity. However, the ecological performance of these areas, both in …

Reef-building corals are under increasing physiological stress from a changing climate and
ocean absorption of increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide. We investigated 328 colonies …

Questions: The 1990s were the warmest decade since the beginning of climate
measurements. Based on almost 100 years of monitoring in the Swiss Alps, we asked (1) …

High mountain ecosystems are defined by low temperatures and are therefore considered to
react sensitively to climate warming. Responding to observed changes in plant species …