In recent years, there has been increasing interest in using the methods of educational data
mining (EDM) and learning analytics (LA) to study and measure learner cognition. In this …

Over the past three decades the field of pedagogical agents (PAs) has seen significant
growth, but no review has specifically focused on the design and use of PAs for K-12 …

Intelligent Tutoring System (ITSs) implement many affordances of digital technologies that
were articulated in the National Academy of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine report …

In recent years, the essential role that affect plays during learning has received greater
attention. Accordingly, there has been increasing interest in develo** affect-sensitive …

Abstract Information and communication technology (ICT)‐enhanced research methods
such as educational data mining (EDM) have allowed researchers to effectively model a …

Tutoring systems that are sensitive to affect show considerable promise for enhancing
student learning experiences. Creating successful affective responses requires …

Quantitative Field Observations (QFOs) of student behaviors and affective states in
classroom environments. Formerly known as the Baker Rodrigo Observation Method …

Research suggests that trajectories toward careers in science, technology, engineering, and
mathematics (STEM) emerge early and are influenced by multiple factors. This paper …

We investigate the relationship between students' affect and their frequency of careless
errors while using an Intelligent Tutoring System for middle school mathematics. A student is …

In recent years, an increasing number of models have been published that can infer if a
learner is behaviorally disengaged while working within an interactive learning environment …