Cyanobacteria are the only prokaryotes to have evolved oxygenic photosynthesis,
transforming the biology and chemistry of our planet. Genomic and evolutionary studies …

The long history of life on Earth has unfolded as a cause-and-effect relationship with the
evolving amount of oxygen (O2) in the oceans and atmosphere. Oxygen deficiency …

Eukaryotic life appears to have flourished surprisingly late in the history of our planet. This
view is based on the low diversity of diagnostic eukaryotic fossils in marine sediments of mid …

Protists are the dominant eukaryotes in the biosphere where they play key functional roles.
While protists have been studied for over a century, it is the high-throughput sequencing of …

The endosymbiotic origin of mitochondria during eukaryogenesis has long been viewed as
an adaptive response to the oxygenation of Earth's surface environment, presuming a …

The evolution of oxygen cycles on Earth's surface has been regulated by the balance
between molecular oxygen production and consumption. The Neoproterozoic–Paleozoic …

In modern oceans, eukaryotic phytoplankton is dominated by lineages with red algal-derived
plastids such as diatoms, dinoflagellates, and coccolithophores. Despite the ecological …

Oxygenic phototrophs have played a fundamental role in Earth's history by enabling the rise
of atmospheric oxygen (O2) and paving the way for animal evolution. Understanding the …

Abstract The 'Cambrian Explosion'describes the rapid increase in animal diversity and
abundance, as manifest in the fossil record, between~ 540 and 520 million years ago (Ma) …

The rate of primary productivity is a keystone variable in driving biogeochemical cycles
today and has been throughout Earth's past. 1 For example, it plays a critical role in …