Controlled low-strength material (CLSM) is known as a self-leveling and self-compacting
cementitious backfill material used for backfilling. The aim of this paper is to give an …

Disposal of industrial by-products and waste materials in the landfills is posing
environmental pollution apart from incurring huge economical cost. Some of these materials …

Increasing global cement and steel consumption means that a significant amount of
greenhouse gases and metallurgical wastes are discharged every year. Using metallurgical …

The exponential growth of waste generation is posing serious environmental issues and
thus requires urgent management and recycling action to achieve green sustainable …

Controlled low-strength materials (CLSM) are widely recognized as cementitious materials
that are self-leveling and self-compacting, and are mainly used to replace conventional …

Over the past decade, controlled low-strength material (CLSM) has been used extensively
as fill material in flowable fills, structural fills, and void fills. However, owing to its good …

To date, controlled low-strength material (CLSM) has been used widely as fill material in
flowable fills, structural fills, and void fills. However, owing to its good flowability and low …

Expandable foam grout (EFG) is a novel flowable cementitious material for filling
underground cavities. This study evaluates the permanent deformation behavior of EFGs …

Geosynthetics have been applied in various engineering fields. This study investigates the
shear strength of a two-layer geotextile reinforced with a flowable fill. Three types of …

A controlled low strength material (CLSM) is a highly flowable cementitious material used for
trench backfilling. However, when applying vertical loads to backfilled trenches, shear failure …