This paper first introduces a paradox of stochastic finance theory that shows the real stock
price is impossible to follow any Ito's stochastic differential equation. After a survey on …

Uncertainty theory is an area in axiomatic mathematics recently proposed by Professor
Baoding Liu and aiming to deal with belief degrees. Retrieving 1004 journal articles from the …

Some information and knowledge are usually represented by human language like “about
100km”,“approximately 39° C”,“roughly 80kg”,“low speed”,“middle age”, and “big size”. How …

Uncertain differential equation (UDE) has been widely applied in the financial market, and
many option pricing formulas are derived based on UDE. But the existing literature don't …

Measuring system reliability by a reasonable metric is a common problem in reliability
engineering. Since real systems are usually uncertain random systems affected by both …

Uncertain differential equation is a type of differential equation involving uncertain process.
This paper will give uncertainty distributions of the extreme values, first hitting time, and …

Uncertain differential equation is a type of differential equations involving uncertain
processes. This chapter introduces uncertain differential equations driven by Liu processes …

The Liu process is a new tool to deal with the noise process based on uncertainty theory. In
this paper, we view the foreign exchange rate as an uncertain processes, described by …

Since the financial markets are complex, sometimes the future security returns are
represented mainly based on experts' judgments. This paper discusses a portfolio adjusting …

Uncertainty theory has been demonstrated as a rigorous mathematical system to measure
the reliability of products when there are few or no samples. Meanwhile, first hitting time …