Discovery of the Earth's Van Allen radiation belts by instruments flown on Explorer 1 in 1958
was the first major discovery of the Space Age. The observation of distinct inner and outer …

Abstract The Relativistic Electron-Proton Telescope (REPT) instruments were designed to
measure∼ 2 to> 18 MeV electrons and∼ 18 to> 115 MeV protons as part of the science …

Since the discovery of the Van Allen radiation belts over 50 years ago, an explanation for
their complete dynamics has remained elusive. Especially challenging is understanding the …

The DREAM3D diffusion model is applied to Van Allen Probes observations of the fast
dropout and strong enhancement of MeV electrons during the October 2012 “double‐dip” …

Abstract On 30 September 2012, a flux “dropout” occurred throughout Earth's outer electron
radiation belt during the main phase of a strong geomagnetic storm. Using eight spacecraft …

Observational studies of the Earth's radiation belts indicate that Alfvénic fluctuations in the
frequency range of 2–25 mHz accelerate electrons to relativistic energies. For decades …

Drastic variations of Earth's outer radiation belt electrons ultimately result from various
competing source, loss, and transport processes, to which wave‐particle interactions are …

We use an E× B‐driven plasmapause test particle (PTP) simulation to provide global
contextual information for in situ measurements by the Van Allen Probes (Radiation Belt …

Measurements from NASA's Van Allen Probes have transformed our understanding of the
dynamics of Earth's geomagnetically-trapped, charged particle radiation. The Van Allen …

Interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs), magnetic clouds (MCs), sheaths, corotating
interaction regions (CIRs), solar wind high-speed streams (HSSs), fast forward shocks (FSs) …