Three decades of research have demonstrated that biodiversity can promote the functioning
of ecosystems. Yet, it is unclear whether the positive effects of biodiversity on ecosystem …

Approximately 25 years ago, ecologists became increasingly interested in the question of
whether ongoing biodiversity loss matters for the functioning of ecosystems. As such, a new …

Crop diversification has been put forward as a way to reduce the environmental impact of
agriculture without penalizing its productivity. In this context, intercrop**, the planned …

Forest restoration increases global forest area and ecosystem services such as primary
productivity and carbon storage. How tree species functional composition impacts the …

Increasing global food demand, low grain reserves and climate change threaten the stability
of food systems on national to global scales,,,–. Policies to increase yields, irrigation and …

A rich body of knowledge links biodiversity to ecosystem functioning (BEF), but it is primarily
focused on small scales. We review the current theory and identify six expectations for scale …

Biological insurance theory predicts that, in a variable environment, aggregate ecosystem
properties will vary less in more diverse communities because declines in the performance …

Introduction Natural environments and green spaces provide ecosystem services that
enhance human health and well-being. They improve mental health, mitigate allergies and …

Context Grasslands provide a variety of ecosystem services (ESs) for humans. While much
ES research has focused on forests and wetlands, synthesizing the currently somewhat …

Evidence suggests that biodiversity supports ecosystem functioning. Yet, the mechanisms
driving this relationship remain unclear. Complementarity is one common explanation for …