Intrinsically disordered protein regions exist in a collection of dynamic interconverting
conformations that lack a stable 3D structure. These regions are structurally heterogeneous …

Membraneless organelles (MLOs) are detected in cells as dots of mesoscopic size. By
undergoing phase separation into a liquid-like or gel-like phase, MLOs contribute to …

Multivalent proteins and nucleic acids, collectively referred to as multivalent associative
biomacromolecules, provide the driving forces for the formation and compositional …

Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to take a heavy toll on personal
health, healthcare systems, and economies around the globe. Scientists are expending …

Macromolecular phase separation is being recognized for its potential importance and
relevance as a driver of spatial organization within cells. Here, we describe a framework …

In the past decade, membraneless assemblies known as biomolecular condensates have
been reported to play key roles in many cellular functions by compartmentalizing specific …

Liquid–liquid phase separation and related phase transitions have emerged as generic
mechanisms in living cells for the formation of membraneless compartments or biomolecular …

The Mediator complex, which in humans is 1.4 MDa in size and includes 26 subunits,
controls many aspects of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) function. Apart from its size, a defining …

Ribonucleoprotein (RNP) granules are diverse membrane-less organelles that form through
multivalent RNA-RNA, RNA-protein, and protein-protein interactions between RNPs. RNP …

Prion-like low-complexity domains (PLCDs) are involved in the formation and regulation of
distinct biomolecular condensates that form via phase separation coupled to percolation …