The drug efflux transporters ABCB1 and ABCG2 at the blood-brain barrier limit the delivery
of drugs into the brain. Strategies to overcome ABCB1/ABCG2 have been largely …

Epilepsy is a central nervous system disorder involving spontaneous and recurring seizures
that affects 50 million individuals globally. Because approximately one-third of patients with …

Introduction: The brain is particularly susceptible to oxidative stress being the most
aerobically active organ in the body due to its high metabolic demands. There is evidence …

Cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) status is stabilized by a balance of ROS generation
and elimination called redox homeostasis. ROS is increased by activation of endoplasmic …

Epilepsy is the fourth most common global neurological problem, which can be considered a
spectrum disorder because of its various causes, seizure types, its ability to vary in severity …

Blood-brain barrier disruption plays an important role in central nervous system diseases.
This review provides information on the role of mitochondrial oxidative stress in brain …

Many aspects of health and disease are modeled using the abstraction of a" pathway"—a
set of protein or other subcellular activities with specified functional linkages between them …

Keratinocytes, the major cell type of the epidermis, are particularly sensitive to
environmental factors including exposure to sunlight and chemical agents. Since oxidative …

Oxidative stress (OS) occurs in brains of patients with epilepsy and coincides with brain
inflammation, and both phenomena contribute to seizure generation in animal models. We …

Drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) affects approximately one third of epileptic patients. Among
various theories that try to explain multidrug resistance, the transporter hypothesis is the …