The atomic force microscope (AFM) is not only a tool to image the topography of solid
surfaces at high resolution. It can also be used to measure force-versus-distance curves …

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) force-distance curves have become a fundamental tool in
several fields of research, such as surface science, materials engineering, biochemistry and …

Calculations of Hamaker constants using Lifshitz theory require the availability of accurate
dielectric data, especially in the ultraviolet spectral region, and the use of a convenient and …

The existence of the steric repulsive force has never yet been determined, though the
improved dispersibility of solid particles in concrete by adding the organic admixture is …

An asymmetric nanofiltration membrane (Hoechst, PES5) has been characterised by three
different techniques: modelling of the rejection of simple salts, modelling of the rejection of …

Materials scientists continue to develop stronger, more versatile ceramics for advanced
technological applications, such as electronic components, fuel cells, engines, sensors …

How do molecules interact with each other? What happens if a neurotransmitter binds to a
ligand‐operated ion channel? How do antibodies recognize their antigens? Molecular …

Interactions between surfactant solutions and solid surfaces play a key role in
technologically important processes such as colloidal stabilization, ore flotation, and soil …

Under physiological conditions, multicomponent biological membranes undergo structural
changes which help define how the membrane functions. An understanding of …

Living organisms construct various forms of laminated nanocomposites through directed
nucleation and growth of inorganics at self-assembled organic templates at temperatures …