Although drinking water chlorination has reduced the incidence of waterborne disease, the
reactions of chlorine with organic matter can lead to the formation of> 700 halogenated …

This review discusses the formation of hypochlorous acid HOCl and the role of reactive
chlorinated species (RCS), which are catalysed by the enzyme myeloperoxidase MPO …

Microbial contamination arising from pathogens poses serious threats to human health and
in recent decades has presented an unprecedented challenge to antibacterial research. Of …

In this review article, emphasis is placed on the critical survey of available data concerning
modified nucleobase and 2-deoxyribose products that have been identified in cellular DNA …

DNA is continuously attacked by reactive species that can affect its structure and function
severely. Structural modifications to DNA mainly arise from modifications in its bases that …

Oxidative stress induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays crucial roles in a wide
range of physiological processes and is also implicated in various diseases, including …

Hypochlorous acid (HOCl), the active ingredient of household bleach, is the most common
disinfectant in medical, industrial, and domestic use and plays an important role in microbial …

Heme peroxidases are a major source of reactive oxidants at sites of inflammation in
biological systems. The formation of some of these oxidants (eg hypochlorous acid, HOCl) is …

Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a mammalian heme peroxidase released by activated immune
cells, which forms chemical oxidants, including hypochlorous acid (HOCl), to kill bacteria …

The Golgi apparatus (GA) is a vital organelle in biological systems and excess reactive
oxygen species (ROS) is produced during stress in the Golgi apparatus. Hypochlorous acid …