BACKGROUND The generation and control of coherent electromagnetic waves, such as
those provided by electronic oscillators in the radio frequency domain or lasers in the optical …

Recoil-ion and electron momentum spectroscopy is a rapidly develo** technique that
allows one to measure the vector momenta of several ions and electrons resulting from …

The generation of sub‐optical‐cycle, carrier–envelope phase‐stable light pulses is one of
the frontiers of ultrafast optics. The two key ingredients for sub‐cycle pulse generation are …

The measurement and control of light field oscillations enable the study of ultrafast
phenomena on sub-cycle time scales. Electro-optic sampling (EOS) is a powerful field …

Three distinct techniques exist for distributing an ultrastable frequency reference over optical
fibers. For the distribution of a microwave frequency reference, an amplitude-modulated …

We present an analysis and demonstration of few-cycle ultrashort laser pulse
characterization using second-harmonic dispersion scans and numerical phase retrieval …

Experiments on the sub-femtosecond time scale performed in recent years and their
theoretical background are reviewed in this article. We present the essentials of the …

After 50 years of development, microwave atomic clocks based on cesium have achieved
fractional uncertainties below 1 part in 1015, a level unequaled in all of metrology. The past …

Following the birth of the laser in 1960, the field of" nonlinear optics" rapidly emerged.
Today, laser intensities and pulse durations are readily available, for which the concepts …

This graduate-level textbook starts with Maxwell's equations. If the reader finds this
reasonable, this book should be helpful. Focusing on ultrafast solid-state laser oscillators …