Abstract Space weathering refers to alteration that occurs in the space environment with
time. Lunar samples, and to some extent meteorites, have provided a benchmark for …

In situ resource utilization (ISRU) refers to the in situ generation of consumables for
autonomous or human activities from raw materials found on the Moon or other planetary …

The past two decades of lunar exploration have seen the detection of substantial quantities
of water on the Moon's surface. It has been proposed that a hydrated layer exists at depth in …

The formation and distribution of lunar surficial water remains ambiguous. Here, we show
the prominence of water (OH/H2O) attributed to solar wind implantation on the uppermost …

We utilize surface temperature measurements and ultraviolet albedo spectra from the Lunar
Reconnaissance Orbiter to test the hypothesis that exposed water frost exists within the …

A new thermal correction model and experimentally validated relationships between
absorption strength and water content have been used to construct the first global …

The distribution range, time-varying characteristics, and sources of lunar water are still
controversial. Here we show the Chang'E-5 in-situ spectral observations of lunar water …

Many studies exist on magmatic volatiles (H, C, N, F, S, Cl) in and on the Moon, within the
last several years, that have cast into question the post-Apollo view of lunar formation, the …

This survey is a general overview of modern optical studies of the Moon and their diagnostic
meaning. It includes three united parts: phase photometry, spectrophotometry, and …

We present a method of conversion of the lunar neutron counting rate measured by the
Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) Lunar Exploration Neutron Detector (LEND) …