This paper presents the background, scientific objectives, experimental design, and
preliminary achievements of the Third Tibetan Plateau (TP) Atmospheric Scientific …

Accurate representing freeze‐thaw (FT) process is of great importance in cold region
hydrology and climate studies. With the STEMMUS‐FT model (Simultaneous Transfer of …

More accurate, spatio-temporally, and physically consistent land surface temperature (LST)
estimation has been a main interest in Earth system research. Develo** physics-driven …

Soil water and heat transfer is especially complicated during the freezing and thawing
processes over the high‐altitude cold regions. In this study, four sensitivity tests of soil water …

Aerodynamic roughness length (z 0 m) is a key parameter in the characterization of land
surface turbulent heat fluxes and widely used in many surface and climate-related process …

The aerodynamic roughness length is a crucial parameter that controls surface variables
including the horizontal wind, surface temperature, and heat fluxes. Despite its importance …

Accurate estimation of evapotranspiration (ET) is essential for understanding terrestrial
energy, water, and carbon cycles. This study proposes a hybrid model integrating in-situ and …

This is the first part of a study focusing on evaluating the performance of the Noah land
surface model (LSM) in simulating surface water and energy budgets for the high-elevation …

Soil freeze-thaw is typically not fully considered in quantifying the hydrology of seasonally
frozen catchments located, for instance, on the Third Pole. We investigate the role of soil …

Turbulent heat fluxes across the surface are an important mechanism of land-atmosphere
coupling. But there is still a lack of sufficient observational measurements, particularly over …