Humans consume a wide range of foods, drugs, and dietary supplements that are derived
from plants and which modify the functioning of the central nervous sytem (CNS). The …

Ginkgo biloba has been existing on earth since 200 million years and is considered as a
“living fossil”. It is among the most sold medicinal plants in the world. A number of secondary …

Improving cognition is important in all age groups, from performance in school examinations
to prevention of cognitive decline in later life. Dietary polyphenols, in particular flavonoids …

Context The herbal product Ginkgo biloba is taken frequently with the intention of improving
cognitive health in aging. However, evidence from adequately powered clinical trials is …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disease, mainly manifested by
cognitive dysfunction. It seriously reduces the quality of life, and there is no ideal treatment …

Oxidative and nitrosative stress is increasingly associated with the pathology of
neurodegeneration and aging. The molecular mechanisms underlying oxidative/nitrosative …

Melissa officinalis (lemon balm) is a traditional herbal medicine, which enjoys contemporary
usage as a mild sedative, spasmolytic and antibacterial agent. It has been suggested, in …

Melissa officinalis (Lemon balm) is a herbal medicine that has traditionally been attributed
with memory-enhancing properties, but which is currently more widely used as a mild …

Ginkgo biloba, the ginkgo tree, is the oldest living tree, with a long history of use in traditional
Chinese medicine. In recent years, the leaf extracts have been widely sold as phytomedicine …

Rationale Both glucose and caffeine can improve aspects of cognitive performance and, in
the case of caffeine, mood. There are few studies investigating the effects of the two …