The mountain cryosphere of mainland Europe is recognized to have important impacts on a
range of environmental processes. In this paper, we provide an overview on the current …

Process-based hydrological models have a long history dating back to the 1960s. Criticized
by some as over-parameterized, overly complex, and difficult to use, a more nuanced view is …

Mountains are essential sources of freshwater for our world, but their role in global water
resources could well be significantly altered by climate change. How well do we understand …

In many practical applications snow depth is known, but snow water equivalent (SWE) is
needed as well. Measuring SWE takes∼ 20 times as long as measuring depth, which in part …

We present a review of the changing state of European permafrost within a spatial zone that
includes the continuous high latitude arctic permafrost of Svalbard and the discontinuous …

There are many models that attempt to predict physical processes in snow on the ground for
a range of applications, and evaluations of these models show that they have a wide range …

Most of our lives are conducted in the cyberspace. The human notion of privacy translates
into a cyber notion of privacy on many functions that take place in the cyberspace. This …

This paper provides a review of permafrost modelling advances, primarily since the 2003
permafrost conference in Zürich, Switzerland, with an emphasis on spatial permafrost …

Climate change will have both quantitative and qualitative effects on groundwater resources.
These impacts differ for aquifers in solid and unconsolidated rock, in urban or rural locations …

The inhomogeneous snow distribution found in alpine terrain is the result of wind and
precipitation interacting with the (snow) surface over topography. We introduce and explain …