Recent years have witnessed promising artificial intelligence (AI) applications in many
disciplines, including optics, engineering, medicine, economics, and education. In particular …

Optically variable devices (OVDs) are in tremendous demand as optical indicators against
the increasing threat of counterfeiting. Conventional OVDs are exposed to the danger of …

Noise is usually undesired yet inevitable in science and engineering. However, by
introducing the engineered noise to the precise solution of Jones matrix elements, we break …

Over the last two decades, the capabilities of metasurfaces in light modulation with
subwavelength thickness have been proven, and metasurfaces are expected to miniaturize …

Thirty years ago, Coullet et al. proposed that a special optical field exists in laser cavities
bearing some analogy with the superfluid vortex. Since then, optical vortices have been …

Metamaterials are composed of periodic subwavelength metallic/dielectric structures that
resonantly couple to the electric and magnetic fields of the incident electromagnetic waves …

The combination of conventional polarization optical elements, such as linear polarizers and
waveplates, is widely adopted to tailor light's state of polarization (SOP). Meanwhile, less …

Secret sharing is a well-established cryptographic primitive for storing highly sensitive
information like encryption keys for encoded data. It describes the problem of splitting a …

Metasurfaces, which are the two-dimensional counterparts of metamaterials, have
demonstrated unprecedented capabilities to manipulate the wavefront of electromagnetic …

The recently proposed digital coding metasurfaces make it possible to control
electromagnetic (EM) waves in real time, and allow the implementation of many different …