Climate change is multi-faceted, and includes changing concentrations of greenhouse
gases in the atmosphere, rising temperatures, changes in precipitation patterns, and …

Plants, as sessile organisms, adapt to different stressful conditions, such as drought, salinity,
extreme temperatures, and nutrient deficiency, via plastic developmental and growth …

Winter-annual ecotypes of Arabidopsis are relatively late flowering, unless the flowering of
these ecotypes is promoted by exposure to cold (vernalization). This vernalization …

MHC class I molecules function to present peptides eight to ten residues long to the immune
system. These peptides originate primarily from a cytosolic pool of proteins through the …

The bacterium Escherichia coli O157: H7 is a worldwide threat to public health and has
been implicated in many outbreaks of haemorrhagic colitis, some of which included fatalities …

The development of plant root systems is sensitive to the availability and distribution of
nutrients within the soil. For example, lateral roots proliferate preferentially within nitrate …

MADS-box genes encode a family of transcription factors which control diverse
developmental processes in flowering plants ranging from root to flower and fruit …

Genetic studies, using floral homeotic mutants, have led to the ABC model of flower
development. This model proposes that the combinatorial action of three sets of genes, the …

The cycloidea (cyc) and teosinte branched 1 (tb1) genes code for structurally related
proteins implicated in the evolution of key morphological traits. However, the biochemical …

Recent studies on AGAMOUS-LIKE2-, DEFICIENS-and GLOBOSA-like MADS-box genes in
diverse seed plant species have provided novel insights into the mechanisms by which the …