Human skeletal muscle demonstrates remarkable plasticity, adapting to numerous external
stimuli including the habitual level of contractile loading. Accordingly, muscle function and …

Background The current literature on the chronic effects of static stretching (SS) exercises on
muscle strength and power is unclear and controversial. Objective We aimed to examine the …

Interval training is a simple concept that refers to repeated bouts of relatively hard work
interspersed with recovery periods of easier work or rest. The method has been used by …

Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (REDs) has various different risk factors, numerous
signs and symptoms and is heavily influenced by one's environment. Accordingly, there is …

Background Menstrual cycle (MC) disorders and MC-related symptoms can have debilitating
effects on the health and performance of female athletes. As the participation of women in …

Overall athlete health is a stated priority by the International Olympic Committee (IOC), yet it
can be difficult for athletes to safely balance nutritional needs, training load, recovery, social …

Low energy availability (LEA) occurs inadvertently and purposefully in many athletes across
numerous sports; and well planned, supervised periods with moderate LEA can improve …

Female-specific research on sports science and sports medicine (SSSM) fails to mirror the
increase in participation and popularity of women's sport. Females have historically been …

Hormonal changes around ovulation divide the menstrual cycle (MC) into the follicular and
luteal phases. In addition, oral contraceptives (OCs) have active (higher hormone) and …

The aim of this FEPSAC Position Statement is to summarize current knowledge about
athletes' dual careers (DCs) in the European context and propose recommendations for …