Skilled motor behaviour, from the graceful leap of a ballerina to a precise pitch by a baseball
player, appears effortless but reflects an intimate interaction between the complex …

Research on brain–machine interfaces has been ongoing for at least a decade. During this
period, simultaneous recordings of the extracellular electrical activity of hundreds of …

Behavior is driven by coordinated activity across a population of neurons. Learning requires
the brain to change the neural population activity produced to achieve a given behavioral …

In motor neocortex, preparatory activity predictive of specific movements is maintained by a
positive feedback loop with the thalamus. Motor thalamus receives excitatory input from the …

Agouti-related-peptide (AgRP) neurons—interoceptive neurons in the arcuate nucleus of the
hypothalamus (ARC)—are both necessary and sufficient for driving feeding behavior. To …

Reach errors may be broadly classified into errors arising from unpredictable changes in
target location, called target errors, and errors arising from miscalibration of internal models …

Training-induced changes in cortical excitability may play an important role in rehabilitation
of gait ability in patients with neurological disorders. In this study, we investigated the effect …

Brain-machine interfaces (BMIs) provide a framework for studying cortical dynamics and the
neural correlates of learning. Neuroprosthetic control has been associated with tuning …

Learning is more than memory. It is not simply the building of a look-up table of labelled
images, or a phone-directory-like list of motor acts and the corresponding sequences of …

Efforts to study the neural correlates of learning are hampered by the size of the network in
which learning occurs. To understand the importance of learning-related changes in a …