Leptin is an adipose tissue-derived hormone that plays a crucial role in body weight,
appetite, and behaviour regulation. Leptin controls energy balance as an indicator of …

In the face of constantly changing environments, the central nervous system (CNS) rapidly
and accurately calculates the body's needs, regulates feeding behavior, and maintains …

Objective The control of energy balance involves neural circuits in the central nervous
system, including AGRP neurons in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (ARC). AGRP …

It has been widely established that neural stem cells (NSCs) exist in the adult mammalian
brain. The area postrema (AP) and the ependymal cell layer of the central canal (CC) in the …

Obesity can increase the risk of bone fragility, even when bone mass is intact. This fragility
stems from poor bone quality, potentially caused by deficiencies in bone matrix material …

The dorsal vagal complex (DVC) is a region in the brainstem comprised of an intricate
network of specialized cells responsible for sensing and propagating many appetite-related …

Body weight of most animals is remarkably stable over time, suggesting that a complex
physiological system balances food intake and energy expenditure over the long term. The …