As a major component of cell membrane lipids, Arachidonic acid (AA), being a major
component of the cell membrane lipid content, is mainly metabolized by three kinds of …

In this overview, we summarize the findings of the literature with regards to physiology and
pathophysiology of ultra-marathon running. The number of ultra-marathon races and the …

The management of pain in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is challenging for
many reasons. These patients have increased susceptibility to adverse drug effects due to …

It is well established that physical activity reduces all-cause mortality and can prolong life.
Ultra-endurance running (UER) is an extreme sport that is becoming increasingly popular …

Importance Concern about the renal effects of nonsteroidand al anti-inflammatory drugs
(NSAIDs) among young, healthy adults has been limited, but more attention may be …

More than 100 substances have been identified as biomarkers of acute kidney injury. These
markers can help to diagnose acute kidney injury (AKI) in its early phase, when the …

There are few systematic studies using microneedles to deliver ibuprofen through the skin.
In this study, Ibuprofen was encapsulated in poly (lactide-co-Glycolide)(PLGA) network to …

Increasingly popular, ultra-endurance participation exposes athletes to extremely high levels
of functional and structural damage. Ultra-endurance athletes commonly develop acute …

Exercise is universally recognized for its health benefits and distance running has long been
a popular form of exercise and sport. Ultramarathons, defined as races longer than a …

Exercise-associated hyponatremia (EAH) is defined by a serum or plasma sodium
concentration below the normal reference range of 135 mmol· L-1 that occurs during or up to …