Water is a critical resource, but ensuring its availability faces challenges from climate
extremes and human intervention. In this Review, we evaluate the current and historical …

Heat waves (HWs) can cause large socioeconomic and environmental impacts. The
observed increases in their frequency, intensity and duration are projected to continue with …

Glacier mass loss affects sea level rise, water resources, and natural hazards. We present
global glacier projections, excluding the ice sheets, for shared socioeconomic pathways …

Key Points Health Implications of Climate Change and Extreme Heat Heat waves are
increasing in frequency, duration, and intensity and are already a substantial threat to …

Ocean and coastal ecosystems support life on Earth and many aspects of human well-being.
Covering two-thirds of the planet, the ocean hosts vast biodiversity and modulates the global …

In all cities and urban areas, the risk faced by people and assets from hazards associated
with climate change has increased (high confidence1). Urban areas are now home to 4.2 …

Executive Summary The IPCC Working Group II contribution to the Sixth Assessment Report
addresses the challenges of climate action in the context of sustainable development with a …

The sustainability of air transport is increasingly studied in relation to climate issues. The
objective of this paper is to provide the key elements for assessing whether a given …

Abstract The Brazilian Cerrado is one of the most biodiverse savannas in the world, yet 46%
of its original cover has been cleared to make way for crops and pastures. These extensive …

Abstract Based on the Baltic Earth Assessment Reports of this thematic issue in Earth
System Dynamics and recent peer-reviewed literature, current knowledge of the effects of …