As 3D facial avatars become more widely used for communication, it is critical that they
faithfully convey emotion. Unfortunately, the best recent methods that regress parametric 3D …

This paper presents a novel and efficient facial image representation based on local binary
pattern (LBP) texture features. The face image is divided into several regions from which the …

Dynamic texture (DT) is an extension of texture to the temporal domain. Description and
recognition of DTs have attracted growing attention. In this paper, a novel approach for …

Automatic facial expression analysis is an interesting and challenging problem, and impacts
important applications in many areas such as human–computer interaction and data-driven …

Facial Expression Recognition (FER) in the wild is extremely challenging due to occlusions,
variant head poses, face deformation and motion blur under unconstrained conditions …

Local binary pattern (LBP) is a nonparametric descriptor, which efficiently summarizes the
local structures of images. In recent years, it has aroused increasing interest in many areas …

Facial expression recognition is to determine the emotional state of the face regardless of its
identity. Most of the existing datasets for facial expressions are captured in a visible light …

Automatic facial expression recognition has many potential applications in different areas of
human computer interaction. However, they are not yet fully realized due to the lack of an …

This paper presents a new face descriptor, local directional ternary pattern (LDTP), for facial
expression recognition. LDTP efficiently encodes information of emotion-related features (ı …

The spatially enhanced local binary pattern (LBP) histogram (eLBPH) methodology has
attained an established position in the field of face recognition (FR) and derived many face …