Specific ion effects (SIE), encompassing the Hofmeister Series, have been known for more
than 130 years since Hofmeister and Lewith's foundational work. SIEs are ubiquitous and …

The structure and function of biomolecules are strongly influenced by their hydration shells.
Structural fluctuations and molecular excitations of hydrating water molecules cover a broad …

Proton transfer is crucial for electrocatalysis. Accumulating cations at electrochemical
interfaces can alter the proton transfer rate and then tune electrocatalytic performance …

Ions differ in their ability to salt out proteins from solution as expressed in the lyotropic or
Hofmeister series of cations and anions. Since its first formulation in 1888, this series has …

Interfacial water molecules are the most important participants in the hydrogen evolution
reaction (HER). Hence, understanding the behavior and role that interfacial water plays will …

We present an overview of the studies of ion pairing in aqueous media of the past decade. In
these studies, interactions between ions, and between ions and water, are investigated with …

Protein hydration shell dynamics play an important role in biochemical processes including
protein folding, enzyme function, and molecular recognition. We present here a comparison …

A wide range of geometric order parameters have been suggested to characterize the local
structure of liquid water and its tetrahedral arrangement, but their respective merits have …

Ion hydration is of pivotal importance for many fundamental processes. Various
spectroscopic methods are used to study the retardation of the hydration bond dynamics in …

Electrolytes interact with water in many ways: changing dipole orientation, inducing charge
transfer, and distorting the hydrogen-bond network in the bulk and at interfaces. Numerous …