Methane (CH4) is produced in many natural systems that are vulnerable to change under a
warming climate, yet current CH4 budgets, as well as future shifts in CH4 emissions, have …

A database of surface Antarctic snow isotopic composition is constructed using available
measurements, with an estimate of data quality and local variability. Although more than …

Water-stable isotopes in polar ice cores are a widely used temperature proxy in
paleoclimate reconstruction, yet calibration remains challenging in East Antarctica. Here, we …

The stable carbon isotope ratio of atmospheric CO2 (δ13Catm) is a key parameter in
deciphering past carbon cycle changes. Here we present δ13Catm data for the past 24,000 …

The Earth has warmed at an unprecedented pace in the decades of the 1980s and 1990s
(IPCC in Climate change 2007: the scientific basis, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge …

Palaeoclimate data show that the Earth's climate is remarkably sensitive to global forcings.
Positive feedbacks predominate. This allows the entire planet to be whipsawed between …

Abrupt climate changes during the last glacial period have been detected in a global array of
palaeoclimate records, but our understanding of their absolute timing and regional …

The last glacial cycle provides the opportunity to investigate large changes in the Atlantic
Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) beyond the small fluctuations evidenced from …

BACKGROUND Radiocarbon (14C) has long been recognized as providing an essential
dating method covering the past 55,000 years. However, the further role of 14C as a …

Dansgaard‐Oeschger (D‐O) cycles are the most dramatic, frequent, and wide‐reaching
abrupt climate changes in the geologic record. On Greenland, D‐O cycles are characterized …