Plants have developed a complex defense system against diverse pests and pathogens.
Once pathogens overcome mechanical barriers to infection, plant receptors initiate signaling …

Wheat is a major cereal crop providing energy and nutrients to the billions of people around
the world. Gluten is a structural protein in wheat, that is necessary for its dough making …

Background & Aims Wheat amylase-trypsin inhibitors (ATIs) are nutritional activators of
innate immunity, via activation of the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) on myeloid cells. We aimed …

It is highly desirable to construct stimuli-responsive nanocarriers for improving pesticides
targeting and preventing the pesticides premature release. In this work, a novel redox and α …

Introduction: The increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and the negative clinical
outcomes observed with the commercially available anti-diabetic drugs have led to the …

Plant defensins are an extensive family of small cysteine rich proteins characterised by a
conserved cysteine stabilised alpha beta protein fold which resembles the structure of insect …

This review summarizes information regarding digestion and absorption of carbohydrates in
cultivated fish. Relevant results of studies of digestive enzymes, eg amylase, chitinase …

Plant food allergens can be classified into families and superfamilies on the basis of their
structural and functional properties. The most widespread groups of plant proteins that …

Thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs) are the products of a large, highly complex gene family
involved in host defence and a wide range of developmental processes in fungi, plants, and …

In this review, plant-insect interaction is discussed as a dynamic system, subjected to
continual variation and change. Plants developed different mechanisms to reduce insect …