Over the past two decades, elucidation of the genetic defects that underlie cancer has
resulted in a plethora of novel targeted cancer drugs. Although these agents can initially be …

Melanoma is the most lethal skin cancer that originates from the malignant transformation of
melanocytes. Although melanoma has long been regarded as a cancerous malignancy with …

Since nuclear factor of κ‐light chain of enhancer‐activated B cells (NF‐κB) was discovered
in 1986, extraordinary efforts have been made to understand the function and regulating …

Abstract RAS (KRAS, NRAS and HRAS) is the most frequently mutated gene family in
cancers, and, consequently, investigators have sought an effective RAS inhibitor for more …

Over the past decade, melanoma has led the field in new cancer treatments, with impressive
gains in on-treatment survival but more modest improvements in overall survival. Melanoma …

Cancer is characterized as a complex disease caused by coordinated alterations of multiple
signaling pathways. The Ras/RAF/MEK/ERK (MAPK) signaling is one of the best-defined …

The problem of resistance to therapy in cancer is multifaceted. Here we take a reductionist
approach to define and separate the key determinants of drug resistance, which include …

The success of targeted therapies in cancer treatment has been impeded by various
mechanisms of resistance. Besides the acquisition of resistance-conferring genetic …

There has been huge progress in the discovery of targeted cancer therapies in recent years.
However, even for the most successful and impactful cancer drugs which have been …

PURPOSE Therapeutically actionable molecular alterations are widely distributed across
cancer types. The National Cancer Institute Molecular Analysis for Therapy Choice (NCI …