ABSTRACT Background and Context: Current introductory instruction fails to identify,
structure, and sequence the many skills involved in programming. Objective: We proposed a …

Modern program synthesizers are increasingly delivering on their promise of lightening the
burden of programming by automatically generating code, but little research has addressed …

Flawed problem comprehension leads students to produce flawed implementations.
However, testing alone is inadequate for checking comprehension: if a student develops …

Humans need a sense of community (SOC), and social media platforms afford opportunities
to address this need by providing users with a sense of virtual community (SOVC). This …

Instructional designers, examiners, and researchers frequently need to assess the
complexity of computer programs in their work. However, there is a dearth of established …

Choices learners make when navigating a self-directed online learning tool can impact the
effectiveness of the experience. But these tools often do not afford learners the agency or the …

How working statically-typed functional programmers write code is largely understudied.
And yet, a better understanding of developer practices could pave the way for the design of …

Cognitive theories of how programmers produce code suggest that novices' approaches are
primarily driven by the retrieval of previously-learned plans. These plans can be high-level …

Background and Context. Program planning has been a long-standing and important
problem in computing education. Finding useful primitives for planning and assessing …

Students faced with a programming task often begin their implementation without a sufficient
understanding of the problem. Several prior papers suggest that formulating input–output …