The person-oriented approach seeks to match theories and methods that portray
development as a holistic, highly interactional, and individualized process. Over the past …

This paper provides a tutorial on key issues in hidden Markov modeling. Hidden Markov
models have become very popular models for time series and longitudinal data in recent …

Latent GOLD 5.1 Basic implements the most important types of latent class (LC) and finite
mixture (FM) models in three submodules called Cluster, DFactor, and Regression. It also …

In this article we consider a multilevel first-order autoregressive [AR (1)] model with random
intercepts, random autoregression, and random innovation variance (ie, the level 1 residual …

The methodological literature on mixture modeling has rapidly expanded in the past 15
years, and mixture models are increasingly applied in practice. Nonetheless, this literature …

This chapter clarifies what validity is about, how it can be studied, and what sort of evidence
may be brought to bear on it. First, we make a sharp distinction between validity, as a …

Many psychological processes are characterized by recurrent shifts between distinct
regimes or states. Examples that are considered in this paper are the switches between …

This chapter provides a state-of-the-art overview of the use of mixture and latent class
models for the analysis of longitudinal data. It first describes the three basic types mixture …

Nonlinear dynamic factor analysis models extend standard linear dynamic factor analysis
models by allowing time series processes to be nonlinear at the latent level (eg, involving …

A growing number of social scientists have turned to differential equations as a tool for
capturing the dynamic interdependence among a system of variables. Current tools for fitting …