The argumentative theory of reasoning suggests that the main function of reasoning is to
exchange arguments with others. This theory explains key properties of reasoning. When …

Crowdsourcing shifts medical research from a closed environment to an open collaboration
between the public and researchers. We define crowdsourcing as an approach to problem …

If citizens' behavior threatens to harm others or seems not to be in their own interest (eg,
risking severe head injuries by riding a motorcycle without a helmet), it is not uncommon for …

Collective intelligence refers to the ability of groups to outperform individual decision makers
when solving complex cognitive problems. Despite its potential to revolutionize decision …

Importance The traditional approach of diagnosis by individual physicians has a high rate of
misdiagnosis. Pooling multiple physicians' diagnoses (collective intelligence) is a promising …

• Diagnosis is a process that is influenced by systems, cognitive, teamwork, and social
factors that may either enhance or reduce diagnostic accuracy• Clinicians can integrate …

The study of intellectual humility (IH), which is gaining increasing interest among cognitive
scientists, has been dominated by a focus on individuals. We propose that IH operates at the …

Collaborative skills are crucial in knowledge-rich domains, such as medical diagnosing. The
Collaborative Diagnostic Reasoning (CDR) model emphasizes the importance of high …

Errors in clinical decision-making are disturbingly common. Recent studies have found that
10 to 15% of all clinical decisions regarding diagnoses and treatment are inaccurate. Here …

Introduction Clinical reasoning has been fostered with varying case formats including the
use of virtual patients. Existing literature points to different conclusions regarding which …