Life evolved organisms to adapt dynamically to their environment and autonomously exhibit
behaviors. Although complex behaviors in organisms are typically associated with the …

How do vessels find optimal radii? Capillaries are known to adapt their radii to maintain the
shear stress of blood flow at the vessel wall at a set point, yet models of adaptation purely …

Learning algorithms based on backpropagation have enabled transformative technological
advances but alternatives based on local energy-based rules offer benefits in terms of …

Network-forming organisms, like fungi and slime molds, dynamically reorganize their
networks during foraging. The resulting rerouting of resource flows within the organism's …

Understanding vascular adaptation, namely what drives veins to shrink or grow, is key for
the self-organization of flow networks and their optimization. From the top–down principle of …

Biological flow networks adapt their network morphology to optimize flow while being
exposed to external stimuli from different spatial locations in their environment. These …

The slime mold Physarum polycephalum is an amoebozoa that grows forming a cytoplasm
network that adapts its geometry to external stimuli. The cytoplasm is made of ectoplasm …

This study introduces a novel methodology to explore the network dynamics of Physarum
polycephalum, an organism celebrated for its remarkable adaptive capabilities. We used two …

Artificial neural networks (ANNs), which are inspired by the brain, are a central pillar in the
ongoing breakthrough in artificial intelligence. In recent years, researchers have examined …

Existing theories of structural adaptation in biological flow networks are largely concerned
with steady flows. However, biological networks are composed of elastic vessels, and many …