Optogenetic techniques have been developed to allow control over the activity of selected
cells within a highly heterogeneous tissue, using a combination of genetic engineering and …

Tethered and battery-powered devices that interface with neural tissues can restrict natural
motions and prevent social interactions in animal models, thereby limiting the utility of these …

Ventral midbrain dopaminergic neurons project to the striatum as well as the cortex and are
involved in movement control and reward-related cognition. In Parkinson's disease …

Genetically encoded voltage indicators (GEVIs) enable optical recording of electrical signals
in the brain, providing subthreshold sensitivity and temporal resolution not possible with …

Genetically encoded voltage indicators are emerging tools for monitoring voltage dynamics
with cell-type specificity. However, current indicators enable a narrow range of applications …

INTRODUCTION Neuromodulators, such as dopamine, norepinephrine, or serotonin, exert
powerful control over neural circuit dynamics that give rise to diverse neural function and …

Cellular signaling networks are the foundation which determines the fate and function of
cells as they respond to various cues and stimuli. The discovery of fluorescent proteins over …

Genetically encoded fluorescent voltage indicators are ideally suited to reveal the
millisecond-scale interactions among and between targeted cell populations. However …

Advances in fluorescence microscopy enable monitoring larger brain areas in-vivo with finer
time resolution. The resulting data rates require reproducible analysis pipelines that are …

Optical interrogation of voltage in deep brain locations with cellular resolution would be
immensely useful for understanding how neuronal circuits process information. Here, we …