Relevance is the most important factor to assure users' satisfaction in search and the
success of a search engine heavily depends on its performance on relevance. It has been …

Users frequently modify a previous search query in hope of retrieving better results. These
modifications are called query reformulations or query refinements. Existing research has …

Matching is the key problem in both search and recommendation, that is to measure the
relevance of a document to a query or the interest of a user on an item. Previously, machine …

Nowadays e-commerce search has become an integral part of many people's shop**
routines. Two critical challenges stay in today's e-commerce search: how to retrieve items …

Understanding users' search intent expressed through their search queries is crucial to Web
search and online advertisement. Web query classification (QC) has been widely studied for …

Modeling query concepts through term dependencies has been shown to have a significant
positive effect on retrieval performance, especially for tasks such as web search, where …

Recently, the focus of many novel search applications shifted from short keyword queries to
verbose natural language queries. Examples include question answering systems and …

Most standard information retrieval models use a single source of information (eg, the
retrieval corpus) for query formulation tasks such as term and phrase weighting and query …

Often, in the real world noise is ubiquitous in text communications. Text produced by
processing signals intended for human use are often noisy for automated computer …

The World Wide Web constitutes the largest existing source of texts written in a great variety
of languages. A feasible and sound way of exploiting this data for linguistic research is to …