Central and peripheral insulin-like peptides (ILPs), which include insulin, insulin-like growth
factor 1 (IGF1) and IGF2, exert many effects in the brain. Through their actions on brain …

Voluntary physical activity and exercise training can favorably influence brain plasticity by
facilitating neurogenerative, neuroadaptive, and neuroprotective processes. At least some of …

Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) effects on aging and neurodegeneration is still
controversial. However, it is widely admitted that IGF-1 is involved in the neuroinflammatory …

In recent years, much interest has been devoted to defining the role of the IGF system in the
nervous system. The ubiquitous IGFs, their cell membrane receptors, and their carrier …

The population of infants at risk for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) varies by world region;
in countries with well developed neonatal intensive care services, the highest risk infants are …

Upon entry into the central nervous system (CNS), serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-I)
modulates neuronal growth, survival, and excitability. Yet mechanisms that trigger IGF-I entry …

Trace amines (TAs) are endogenous compounds that are related to biogenic amine
neurotransmitters and are present in the mammalian nervous system in trace amounts …

Growing evidence has shown the beneficial influence of exercise on humans. Apart from
classic cardioprotection, numerous studies have demonstrated that different exercise …

Lifestyle factors such as intellectual stimulation, cognitive and social engagement, nutrition,
and various types of exercise appear to reduce the risk for common age-associated …

ATM, mutation of which causes Ataxia telangiectasia, has emerged as a cardinal
multifunctional protein kinase during past two decades as evidenced by various studies from …