Manipulation and navigation of micro and nanoswimmers in different fluid environments can
be achieved by chemicals, external fields, or even motile cells. Many researchers have …

Abstract Micro‐/nanorobots (m‐bots) have attracted significant interest due to their suitability
for applications in biomedical engineering and environmental remediation. Particularly, their …

Navigating a large swarm of micro-/nanorobots is critical for potential targeted
delivery/therapy applications owing to the limited volume/function of a single microrobot, and …

Swimming microrobots that are energized by external magnetic fields exhibit a variety of
intriguing collective behaviors, ranging from dynamic self-organization to coherent motion; …

Untethered small-scale machines (USSMs) that can actively adjust their motion,
deformation, and collective states in response to external stimuli have gained enormous …

Swarms, which stem from collective behaviors among individual elements, are commonly
seen in nature. Since two decades ago, scientists have been attempting to understand the …

In nature, various types of animals will form self-organised large-scale structures. Through
designing wireless actuation methods, microrobots can emulate natural swarm behaviours …

Various types of structures self-organised by animals exist in nature, such as bird flocks and
insect swarms, which stem from the local communications of vast numbers of limited …

After decades of development, microrobots have exhibited great application potential in the
biomedical field, such as minimally invasive surgery, drug delivery, and bio‐sensing …

Biofilm is difficult to thoroughly cure with conventional antibiotics due to the high mechanical
stability and antimicrobial barrier resulting from extracellular polymeric substances …