Mineral–microbe interactions play important roles in environmental change, biogeochemical
cycling of elements and formation of ore deposits. Minerals provide both beneficial (physical …

Rice is the leading staple food for more than half of the world's population, and
approximately 160 million hectares of agricultural area worldwide are under rice cultivation …

Humankind will need to remove hundreds of gigatons of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the
atmosphere by the end of the twenty-first century to keep global warming below 2° C within …

Abstract Large Igneous Provinces (LIPs) can have a significant global climatic effect as
monitored by sedimentary trace and isotopic compositions that record paleo …

Water oxidation is a critical step in water splitting to make hydrogen fuel. We report the
solution synthesis, structural/compositional characterization, and oxygen evolution reaction …

Two records of Earth history capture the evolution of life and its co-evolving ecosystems with
interpretable fidelity: the geobiological and geochemical traces preserved in rocks and the …

The rapid increase of carbon dioxide concentration in Earth's modern atmosphere is a
matter of major concern. But for the atmosphere of roughly two-and-half billion years ago …

Laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) analyses of
1,407 sedimentary (diagenetic and syngenetic) pyrites from 45 carbonaceous shale and …

Molecular oxygen (O2) is, and has been, a primary driver of biological evolution and shapes
the contemporary landscape of Earth's biogeochemical cycles. Although “whiffs” of oxygen …

Many metals are essential for living organisms, but at higher doses they may be toxic and
carcinogenic. Metal exposure occurs mainly in occupational settings and environmental …