As clinicians delivering health care, we are very good at treating disease but often not as
good at treating the person. The focus of our attention has been on the specific physical …

BackgroundChanges in autonomic nervous system (ANS) function have been observed in a
variety of psychological disorders, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Analysis …

Importance Psychiatric reactions to life stressors are common in the general population and
may result in immune dysfunction. Whether such reactions contribute to the risk of …

The study of inflammation in fear-and anxiety-based disorders has gained interest as
growing literature indicates that pro-inflammatory markers can directly modulate affective …

Background: Anxiety disorders increase risk of future cardiovascular disease (CVD) and
mortality, even after controlling for confounds including smoking, lifestyle, and …

Background: Autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction is a putative underlying
mechanism for increased cardiovascular disease risk in individuals with psychiatric …

Initiated as part of the ongoing deliberation about the nosological structure of DSM, this
review aims to evaluate whether the anxiety disorders share features of responding that …

Stress-induced changes in the immune system, which lead to neuroinflammation and
consequent brain alterations, have been suggested as possible neurobiological substrates …

Questionnaire and interview assessment can provide reliable data on attitudes and self-
perceptions on emotion, and experimental laboratory assessment can examine functional …

This mini-review refers to recent findings on psychobiological long-term consequences of
childhood trauma and adverse living conditions. The continuum of trauma-provoked …