Affective polarization captures the extent to which citizens feel sympathy towards partisan in-
groups and antagonism towards partisan out-groups. This is comparatively easy to assess in …

This is an introductory article for a special issue on affective polarisation in Spain. After
discussing the concept and its operationalisation in multi-party settings, we offer data on …

Affective polarization is increasingly studied comparatively, and virtually all studies that do
so operationalize it using the feeling thermometer. Yet this survey instrument has not yet …

The scholarly literature suggests that, as elections approach, political tensions intensify, and,
as they pass, tensions return to pre-election levels. Using a massive new dataset of 66,000 …

Despite attention in comparativist and Americanist literatures to populism and affective
polarization, relatively little theoretical and empirical work has been done linking these two …

While dislike of opposing parties, that is, affective polarization, is a defining feature of
contemporary politics, research on this topic largely centers on the United States. We …

This paper aims to contribute to the nascent field of research on affective polarisation in
liberal democracies by reflecting on the conceptual ambiguities as well as potentials …

Polarisation is often seen as mainly negative for the functioning of democracies, but one of
its saving graces could be that it raises the stakes of politics and encourages participation …

Voters in many advanced democracies increasingly dislike their political opponents, a
phenomenon that is known as affective polarisation. The growing animosity between …

Measures of affective polarization—that is, dislike and hostility across party lines—have
been developed and validated in the context of America's two-party system. Yet increasingly …