The serine protease inhibitors (SPIs) are widely distributed in living organisms like bacteria,
fungi, plants, and humans. The main function of SPIs as protease enzymes is to regulate the …

Microalgae comprise a biodiverse group of photosynthetic organisms that reside in water
sources and sediments. The green microalgae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii was adopted as …

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are promising next-generation antibiotics that can be used to
combat drug-resistant pathogens. However, the high cost involved in AMP synthesis and …

Plant cell culture systems were initially explored for use in commercial synthesis of several
high‐value secondary metabolites, allowing for sustainable production that was not limited …

Plants have emerged as commercially relevant production systems for pharmaceutical and
nonpharmaceutical products. Currently, the commercially available nonpharmaceutical …

“Molecular farming” in plants with significant advantages in cost and safety is touted as a
promising platform for the production of complex pharmaceutical proteins. While whole-plant …

Abstract “Hairy root” systems, obtained by transforming plant tissues with the “natural genetic
engineer” Agrobacterium rhizogenes, have been known for more than three decades. To …

Plants are a promising expression system for the production of heterologous proteins,
especially therapeutic proteins. Currently the majority of therapeutic proteins are produced …

The chemical diversity of plant-derived natural products allows them to function in a
multitude of ways including flavor enhancers, agricultural chemicals, and importantly, human …

Global demand for recombinant proteins has steadily accelerated for the last 20 years.
These recombinant proteins have a wide range of important applications, including vaccines …